Cognitive and Mobility Enhancement through Brain-Machine Interfaces and Neuroengineering

Abstract

Brain-machine connections and neuroengineering are technologies that can be used to act as a direct communication pathway between the brain’s electrical activity and an external device. This paper explores the realm of Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs) and neuroengineering technologies, focusing on their potential to address cognitive and mobility impairments. This comprehensive literature review delves into the current state of BMI technology, emphasizing its applications in stroke rehabilitation, paralysis management, prosthetics, memory enhancement, and communication solutions for speech impairments. Various methodologies, from invasive to non-invasive techniques, are examined for their impact on patients’ quality of life. While these advancements hold great promise, they also pose ethical and practical challenges, including the need for further clinical testing, algorithm refinement, and affordability concerns. The future of BMIs is envisioned considering the role of artificial intelligence in expanding their possibilities and reflecting on the ethical considerations in deploying these technologies. This review provides valuable insights into the current landscape of BMIs, their potential for enhancing human capabilities, and the critical issues that must be addressed as the field progresses.